Ensuring growth in international competitiveness of national instrument production
Abstract
Introduction. Mechanical engineering and instrument-making is one of the most science-intensive industries and the level of development of instrument-making directly depends on the main indicators of socio-economic development of the state. At the same time, in Ukraine this industry and its products lag behind the world level due to a number of objective reasons, which are of economic, political and technological nature. Lagging in technologies, lack of domestic innovations and high cost of new equipment make it necessary for enterprises to replace the main production assets, as well as to complete the final reorientation of the economic model of development.
Aim and tasks. Study the state of instrument-making products of Ukraine, with subsequent identification of areas to improve its competitiveness.
Results. The dynamics of indices of industrial production during 2015-2019 was analyzed and the share of instrument-making in industry from 2015 to 2019 was identified. PEST-analysis of domestic instrumentation was carried out to identify economic, political, social and technological factors affecting its competitiveness. The sufficient efficiency of instrument-making enterprises is justified taking into account methodological postulates of the theory of effective competition. Certain fluctuations can be explained firstly by the presence of crisis phenomena in the Ukrainian economy in 2014-2015. And secondly, the dynamics of indicators is closely related to the processes within the company. On the other hand, the analysis of the export structure indicates a decrease in the volume of high-tech products due to the lack of international competitiveness of the industry.
Conclusions. It is proved that the development of instrument-making enterprises is cyclical. The main directions of increasing the competitiveness of domestic instrument-making enterprises and their products on world markets are proposed, namely: updating of the entire technological platform of instrument-making; launching production of new high-tech products that are more innovative and knowledge-intensive, development of international cooperation and cooperation, a course to develop the scientific environment in the field of instrumentation.
Keywords:
product competitiveness, instrument-making products, instrument-making industry, innovative products.References
2. Chamberlin, E. H. (1951). Monopolistic competition revisited. Economica, 18(72), 343-362.
3. Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of Ukraine (2016). Draft "Strategy for the development of high-tech industries until 2025". Retrieved from http://www.me.gov.ua.
4. Gilbert, R. (2006). Looking for Mr. Schumpeter: Where Are We in the Competition--Innovation Debate? Innovation policy and the economy, 6, 159-215.
5. He, Z., Drozdov, D., Wang, J., Shen, W., Li, C., & Li, W. (2020). Competitiveness of the wind power industry in China: An analysis based on the extended Diamond Model. Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy, 12(5), 052701.
6. Haleliuk, M. M. (2008), Enterprise competitiveness management system. Bulletin of Economic Science of Ukraine, vol. 2, pp. 15–21.
7. Kotler, P., Fahey, L., & Jatusripitak, S. (1985). The new competition: What theory Z didn't tell you about marketing. Prentice Hall.
8. National Science Board (2016). Science and Engineering Indicators. Retrieved from http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/2016/nsb20161/#/data/appendix.
9. State Statistics Service of Ukraine (2020). Retrieved from http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua.
10. Electron Corporation (2020). Areas of activity: materials for electronics. Retrieved from http://electron.ua/el_materials.
11. Catalog of Ukrainian enterprises (2020) Joint Stock Company Meridian n. S.P.Korolyov. Retrieved from http://rada.com.ua/ukr/catalog/5182/.
12. Public Joint Stock Company "JSC Research Institute of Radio Technical Measurements" (2020). Retrieved from http://www.radmir.kharkov.com/about.
13. Public Joint Stock Company "Ukrelektroaparat" (2020). Retrieved from http://uea.com.ua/.
14. SMIDA (2019). Retrieved from https://smida.gov.ua/
15. Perminova, S. O., Krutko, D. Yu. (2018), Conditions for increasing the competitiveness of export products of enterprises. Modern approaches to enterprise management. Retrieved from http://conf.management.fmm.kpi.ua/proc/article/view/125299.
16. Pokras, O. (2017). Analysis of the Ukrainian instrument-making industry international competitiveness using porter’s diamond. Technology audit and production reserves, 4(5 (36)), 31-36.
17. Robinson, J. C., & Luft, H. S. (1987). Competition and the cost of hospital care, 1972 to 1982. Jama, 257(23), 3241-3245.
18. UNIDO (2016). Report “Industrial Development Report 2016: the Role of Technology and Innovation in Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development”. Retrieved from https://www.unido.org
19. Volkova, O. D., Manaienko, I. M. (2018). Trends, problems and prospects for the development of high-tech production in Ukraine. Aktual'ni problemy ekonomiky ta upravlinnia Retrieved from http://ape.fmm.kpi.ua/article/view/130960/126689.
20. Waddock, S. A., & Graves, S. B. (1989). Industry Competitiveness as a Function in R&D and Capital Goods. In Academy of Management Proceedings (Vol. 1989, No. 1, pp. 344-348). Briarcliff Manor, NY 10510: Academy of Management.
21. Xin, C., & Chengyu, Y. (2017). Romania Industrial Competitiveness and China-Romania Cooperation. Global Economic Observer, 5(1), 73.
22. Zhou, L. F., & Ming, C. Y. (2014). Industrial cluster competitiveness connotation and evaluation-A case study of Yulin city magnesium industry clusters. In Applied Mechanics and Materials (Vol. 602, pp. 3532-3535). Trans Tech Publications Ltd.
23. Pukała, R., Vnukova, N., & Achkasova, S. (2017). Identification of the priority instruments affecting regulations on the development of insurance in the framework of international requirements. Journal of Insurance, Financial Markets and Consumer Protection, 23(1), 28-40.
24. Pukala, R., & Petrova, M. (2019). Application of the AHP method to select an optimal source of financing innovation in the mining sector. In E3S Web of Conferences, 105, 04034.
25. Ishchuk, S., Sozanskyy, L., & Pukała, R. (2020). Optimisation of the relationship between structural parameters of the processing industry as a way to increase its efficiency. Engineering Management in Production and Services, 12(2), 7-20.
If the article is accepted for publication in the journal «Economics. Ecology. Socium» the author must sign an agreementon transfer of copyright. The agreement is sent to the postal (original) or e-mail address (scanned copy) of the journal editions.
