Digital Program Control and Complex Component Processing in Performance-Driven Production Engineering
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61954/2616-7107/2025.9.4-9Keywords:
Control Design, Engineering Computing, Productivity, Mechanical Systems, Production Engineering.Abstract
Introduction. Modern mechanical engineering is characterised by a constant increase in the proportion of parts with complex configurations (bodies of revolution with rectilinear and curvilinear elements) manufactured using materials with special physical and mechanical properties. The production of such complex components requires high precision, flexibility, and efficiency. The complex shape and variety of technological manufacturing processes are most effectively determined by their efficient processing on automated multifunctional equipment with a central processing unit (CPU).
Aim and tasks. This study aims to investigate the processing of complex-shaped details made of difficult-to-process materials on Computer Numerical Control (CNC) or CNC machining is the automated control of machine tools by a computer lathes to increase the efficiency of the technological process.
Results. The efficiency of the technological process has been increased when processing complex-shaped parts made of difficult-to-process materials on CNC lathes, as a methodology has been developed for determining cutting modes using the criterion of “processing productivity”. The main task at the technological preparation stage of production is optimisation in determining the parameters of the cutting mode, based on the criterion of “durability at maximum productivity”. In the developed methodology for determining the cutting mode, the volume of material removed per unit time is used as a criterion for “processing productivity”, while simultaneously taking into account the relationship between ар, f, and vc through the cutting power and tool durability, which allows an increase in productivity of up to 74%. Multi-pass roughing is more effective for CNC lathes than single-pass, and maximum cutting productivity is achieved at maximum tool feed.
Conclusions. The analysis showed that productivity gains from increasing the cutting depth are limited by machine power. Optimisation based on the "tool life at maximum productivity" criterion is effective only when the machine power is not a limiting factor. It was found that reducing the target tool life (T) does not always increase productivity. Reducing T is effective only in conditions where higher cutting speeds do not exceed the available machine power; otherwise, the actual tool life may even increase. The optimisation of T must consider machine power limitations: reducing T is effective only when higher cutting speeds do not exceed the permissible power.
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